Urinalysis, Routine With Microscopic Examination on Positives
Test Includes
Color, appearance, specific gravity, pH, protein, glucose, ketones, occult blood, leukocyte esterase, nitrite, bilirubin, and urobilinogen. These tests are done on all routine urinalysis ordered and if protein, leukocyte, occult blood, and nitrites are all negative, microscopic examination is not performed; just the above parameters are reported.
Expected Turnaround Time
Within 1 day
Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests. Testing schedules may vary.
Related Documents
Specimen Requirements
Specimen
Urine (random)
Volume
3-9 mL (Vacutainer® red/yellow urine transport tube) (preferred) or 2 mL or greater (non-preserved urine)
Minimum Volume
3 mL (Vacutainer® red/yellow urine transport tube) (preferred) or 2 mL (non-preserved urine) (Note: This volume does not allow for repeat testing.)
Container
Vacutainer® red/yellow urine transport tube (preferred) or urine bottle/urine transport tube (non-preserved)
Collection
A voided specimen is usually suitable. If the specimen is likely to be contaminated, a clean-catch, midstream specimen is desirable.
Storage Instructions
Vacutainer® red/yellow urine transport tube: room temperature for up to 72 hours
Urine bottle/urine transport tube (non-preserved): room temperature up to 2 hours and refrigerated up to 48 hours
Causes for Rejection
Quantity not sufficient for analysis; improper labeling; tubes with boric acid or tartaric acid (e.g., BD gray-top C&S tube); Labcorp red-top C&S tube; Boricon, Bortiex, or Boricult yellow-top C&S tubes; urine transport tube with Triclosan; specimen received in Vacutainer® red/yellow urine transport tube more than 72 hours old; specimen received in urine cup stored at room temperature greater than 2 hours old; specimen received in urine cup refrigerated more than 48 hours old; frozen specimens; Vacutainer® red/yellow urine transport tube less than 3 mL or greater than 9 mL
Test Details
Use
Detect abnormalities of urine; diagnose and manage renal diseases, urinary tract infection, urinary tract neoplasms, systemic diseases, and inflammatory or neoplastic diseases adjacent to the urinary tract
Limitations
Insufficient volume may limit the extent of procedures performed. Metabolites of Pyridium® may interfere with the dipstick reactions by producing color interference. High vitamin C intake may cause an underestimate of glucosuria, or a false-negative nitrite test. Survival of WBCs is decreased by low osmolality, alkalinity, and lack of refrigeration. Sperm is not reported in routine urinalysis exams. Spermatozoa may be seen in male urine related to recent or retrograde ejaculation. For sperm reporting in males only, order Postejaculatory Urine Microscopic Examination for Sperm [133116].
Methodology
Reagent strip
LOINC® Map
| Order Code | Order Code Name | Order Loinc | Result Code | Result Code Name | UofM | Result LOINC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013060 | Specific Gravity | 5811-5 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013078 | pH | 5803-2 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013045 | Urine-Color | 5778-6 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013052 | Appearance | 5767-9 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013185 | WBC Esterase | 5799-2 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013094 | Protein | 20454-5 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013086 | Glucose | 25428-4 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013110 | Ketones | 2514-8 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013102 | Occult Blood | 5794-3 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013104 | Bilirubin | 5770-3 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013105 | Urobilinogen,Semi-Qn | mg/dL | 20405-7 |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 013106 | Nitrite, Urine | 5802-4 | |
| 003038 | Urinalysis, Routine | 24357-6 | 012237 | Microscopic Examination | 12235-8 |
| Reflex Table for Specific Gravity | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for pH | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Urine-Color | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Appearance | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for WBC Esterase | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Protein | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Glucose | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Ketones | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Occult Blood | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Bilirubin | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Urobilinogen,Semi-Qn | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Nitrite, Urine | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13128 | WBC | /hpf |
| Reflex 2 | 005821 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13136 | RBC | /hpf |
| Reflex 2 | 013945 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13148 | Epithelial Cells (non renal) | /hpf |
| Reflex 2 | 005787 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13149 | Epithelial Cells (renal) | /hpf |
| Reflex 2 | 026052 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13145 | Casts | /lpf |
| Reflex 2 | 024124 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13147 | Cast Type | |
| Reflex 2 | 058436 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13146 | Crystals | |
| Reflex 2 | 005783 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13152 | Crystal Type | |
| Reflex 2 | 005782 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 333351 | Mucus Threads | |
| Reflex 2 | 008247 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 333344 | Bacteria | |
| Reflex 2 | 005769 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 333419 | Yeast | |
| Reflex 2 | 005822 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 13151 | Trichomonas | |
| Reflex 2 | 005813 | |||||
| Reflex Table for Microscopic Examination | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Order Code | Order Name | Result Code | Result Name | UofM | Result LOINC | |
| Reflex 1 | 000000 | 333328 | 000000 | 333420 | Comment | |
| Reflex 2 | 011279 | |||||
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