Immune microenvironment of primary versus metastatic melanoma of the brain

The study found that brain metastases in melanoma had a weaker immune response compared to primary skin, lymph node, and other metastatic sites, suggesting reduced immune cell infiltration and expression of immune checkpoint inhibitor targets. Our findings support the need for combination treatments involving immune checkpoint inhibitors and local radiation therapy to enhance immune system activation in patients with melanoma metastatic to the brain.